Benefits and risks of new antidiabetic drugs for the treatment of elderly diabetics
Authors:
Kvapil Milan
Authors‘ workplace:
Geriatrická interní klinika 2. lékařské fakulty Univerzity Karlovy a Fakultní nemocnice v Motole, Praha
Published in:
Geriatrie a Gerontologie 2024, 13, č. 2: 81-85
Category:
Review Article
Overview
The basic goal of antidiabetic treatment is to reduce hyperglycemia. New classes of antidiabetics using the effect of GLP-1 (DPP 4 inhibitors and GLP-1 receptor agonists /GLP1RA/) and inhibition of sodium-glucose transport /SGLT2i/ in the proximal tubule of the nephron are effective and safe. In relation to the treatment of diabetes in the elderly, a minimal risk of hypoglycemia is a major benefit. In addition, GLP1RA and SGLT2i reduce the risk of the manifestation of heart failure, they positively influence cardiovascular mortality in secondary prevention, SGLT2i slow down the rate of decline in glomerular filtration. In the case of seniors, when using them, it is necessary to take into account the specifics of older age, which often interfere with the desired and unwanted effects of antidiabetic treatment. Anorexigenic effects of GLP1RAs, polyuria, hypovolemia and lowering of blood pressure during SGLT2i treatment may be a notable adverse effect.
Keywords:
diabetes mellitus of the elderly, gliptins, DPP-4 inhibitors, gliflozins, SGLT2 inhibitors, GLP-1 receptor agonists
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Geriatrics and Gerontology
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