Trends in obesity and physical activity in Czech pre-schoolers between 2005 and 2015

Czech version

Authors: E. Sigmund; L. Trhlíková; D. Sigmundová; P. Baďura
Authors‘ workplace: Institut aktivního životního stylu ; Vedoucí: prof. PhDr. Karel Frömel, DrSc. ; Univerzita Palackého v Olomouci Fakulta tělesné kultury
Published in: Prakt. Lék. 2016; 96(2): 71-76
Category: Of different specialties

Overview

Objective:
The aim of study was to explore the trends in prevalence of obesity and pedometer-determined physical activity (PA) in Czech 4–7-years old preschool children from 2005 to 2015.

Methods:
The cross-sectional study in two cohorts of preschool children carried out during spring and autumn 2005 (11 kindergartens: 84 girls and 92 boys) and 2015 (10 kindergartens: 87 girls and 105 boys), using the same measurements and procedures in both cases. PA were monitored by unsealed pedometer Yamax digiwalker SW-200 at least 8 continuous hours a day over 7 consecutive days. Body weight and height was measured using calibrated scales Tanita WB 110 S MA and Antropometer A-319.

Results:
In the prevalence of obesity was observed non-significant increase between 2005 and 2015 for girls (7.14%₂₀₀₅ vs. 9.20%₂₀₁₅) and boys (6.52%₂₀₀₅ vs. 9.52%₂₀₁₅). PA (mean steps/day) was significantly higher (p < 0.05) in the total cohort of preschool children in 2015 than in 2005 (11,739 vs. 10,922 steps/day) and overall (p < 0.001) in boys than girls (11,939 vs. 10,668 steps/day). Decline of leisure time step counts in weekdays between 2005 and 2015 in girls (6,865₂₀₀₅ vs. 6,059₂₀₁₅, p < 0.01) and boys (7,861₂₀₀₅ vs. 6,436₂₀₁₅, p < 0.001) is compensated by the increase of step counts in kindergarten (girls: 3,058₂₀₀₅ vs. 5,330₂₀₁₅, p < 0.001; boys: 4,003₂₀₀₅ vs. 5,999₂₀₁₅, p < 0.001).

Conclusions:
Despite a small, non-significant increase in obesity among Czech preschool children remains the prevalence (< 10%) to healthy acceptable level. Daily PA programme in kindergartens effectively replaces the decline in PA in leisure time of weekdays and even helps to increase a weeklong PA of pre-schoolers compared to 2005 and 2015.

Keywords:
obesity – trend – physical activity – pedometer – weekdays – weekend

Sources

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2016 Issue 2

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