Nutrition plays a fundamental role in the prevention and treatment of non-communicable diseases. Yet many physicians lack the necessary knowledge and confidence to apply it effectively in clinical practice. International studies show that nutrition education in medical schools is limited and inconsistent, leading to low competency and poor practical skills in advising patients. The findings also offer inspiration for systemic improvements and highlight examples of good practice.

Střevní „mikrozoo“ je velmi rozmanitá a vliv na ni má spousta faktorů. Dnes již víme, že svou stravou promlouváme do skladby mikrobioty, a věnujeme tomu pozornost. Přehlíženo ovšem bývá, jak se strava odráží na imunomodulační aktivitě bakterií na úrovni kmene. Různé kmeny stejného druhu, dokonce i tentýž bakteriální kmen, přitom mohou působit na imunitní systém v závislosti na prostředí, ve kterém rostou. Na tento fakt upozornila nedávno publikovaná studie.

Here are the first refreshing September updates from across medical fields, covering topics such as transplantation of genetically modified allogeneic cells, factors influencing the success of obesity treatment with GLP-1RAs, topical treatment of presbyopia, and vagus nerve stimulation as a new therapeutic option for autoimmune diseases.

A new artificial intelligence tool called AAnet, developed and tested by researchers led by the Garvan Institute of Medical Research, focuses on the cellular diversity within individual tumors. Deeper understanding of the different types of cells present in tumors could pave the way for therapies more accurately tailored to individual patients.

Breakthroughs that enable easy sequencing of large portions of the genome represent a major milestone in modern medicine. They provide physicians with essential guidance for selecting effective therapies tailored to individual patients, while also helping to minimize the risks of adverse effects from inappropriate treatments. Genomic data can also support advanced diagnostic methods and, importantly, enable preventive measures for at-risk population groups.

The link between chronic stress and changes in the digestive tract is well supported by numerous studies and research. However, data on the impact of acute stress on the gastrointestinal (GI) system remain more limited. A recent review published in the Journal of Physiology offers a deeper look at various aspects of how stress influences the GI tract.

Although appendiceal adenocarcinoma (AA) is a rare disease, its rising incidence among younger age groups has sparked interest in researching the etiology and risk factors of this malignancy. Late and often incidental detection of AA drives the search for effective prevention strategies.